Resources for clinicians

Selected references on clinical issues in late abortion
(reference list in formation):
- Autry AM, Hayes EC, Jacobson GF, Kirby RS. A comparison of medical induction and dilation and evacuation for second-trimester abortion. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2002;187(2):393-7.
- Blumenthal PD, Castleman LD, Jain JK. Abortion by Labor Induction. In: Paul M, Lichtenberg ES, Borgatta L, Grimes DA, Stubblefield PG, editors. A clinician's guide to medical and surgical abortion. New York(NY): Churchill Livingstone; 1999. pp.150-151.
- Chasen ST, Kalish RB, Gupta M, Kaufman JE, Rashbaum WK, Chervenak FA. Dilation and evacuation at >or=20 weeks: comparison of operative techniques. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2004;190(5):1180-3.
- Chervenak FA and McCullough LB. An ethically justified practical approach to offering, recommending, performing, and referring for induced abortion and feticide. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009;201:560.e1-6.
- Drey EA, Thomas LJ, Benowitz NL, Goldschlager N, Darney PD. Safety of intra-amniotic digoxin administration before late second-trimester abortion by dilation and evacuation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000;182:1063-6.
- Grimes DA. The continuing need for late abortions. Journal of the American Medical Association 1998;280(8):747-50.
- Grimes DA, Schulz KF. Morbidity and mortality from second-trimester abortions. J Reprod Med 1985;30(7):505-14.
- Hern WM. Laminaria, induced fetal demise and misoprostol in late abortion. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2001;75:279-86.
- Jackson RA, Teplin VL, Drey EA, Thomas LJ, Darney PD. Digoxin to facilitate late second-trimester abortion: a randomized, masked, placebo-controlled trial. Obstetrics and Gynecology 2001;97:471-6.
- Kaltreider NB, Goldsmith S, Margolis AJ. The impact of midtrimester abortion techniques on patients and staff. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1979;135(2):235-8.
- Molaei M, Jones HE, Weiselberg T, McManama M, Bassell J, Westhoff CL. Effectiveness and safety of digoxin to induce fetal demise prior to second-trimester abortion. Contraception 2008;77:223-5.
- Steinberg JR. “Later Abortions and Mental Health: Psychological Experiences of Women Having Later Abortion—A Critical Review of Research.” Women's Health Issues 2011;21-3S:S44-S48.
A note on terminology and “late-term abortion”:
The terminology used to discuss abortions after the first trimester varies enormously. There is no agreement in the law or in the medical community about what constitutes the limit of the second trimester, for example. In scholarly journals, these abortions are variously referred to as “mid-trimester abortion,” “second-trimester abortion” (which is used to describe abortions up to 24 weeks or up to 27 weeks, depending on the writer or the state law) and late abortion. Within the mainstream media, the phrase “late-term abortion” is often used in articles about abortion policy and advocacy. These competing terms do not provide accurate clinical descriptions or contribute to public knowledge about abortion care and the differences at various stages of gestation. It is for this reason that we do not use the phrase “late-term abortion” here, and recommend against its use. Instead, we use and recommend the phrase “later abortion” to identify any pregnancy termination after 17 weeks of gestational age.
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